Torts

III. Torts

A. Cases

1. Proximate Cause

(1) Palsgraf v. LIRR, 248 N.Y. 339 (1928)

2. Ambiguous Causation

(1) Summers v. Tice, 33 Cal. 2d 80 (1948)

3. Liability and the Hand Rule

(1) T. J. Hooper, 60 F.2d 737 (1932)

(2) United States v. Carroll Towing Co., 159 F.2d 169 (2d Cir. 1947)

(3) Escola v Coca Cola, 24 Cal. 2d 453 (1944)

4. Punitive Damages

(1) BMW v. Gore 517 U.S. 539, 116 S.Ct. 1589 (1996)

(2) Dardinger v. Anthem, 2002 Ohio 7113 (2002)

(3) Mathias v. Motel 6, 347 F.3d 672 (2003)

5. Simple Tool

(1) Swix v. Daisy Manufacturing, 373 F.3d 678 (2004)

6. Agency

(1) Dura Pharmaceuticals Inc. v. Broudo, 125 S. Ct. 1627 (2005)

B. Problems

1. Loss of chance

2. Punitive Damages

(1) McDonalds

3. Johnson Petroleum