Measures of prevention, education and protection aimed at the
eradication of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance at the national, regional and international levels
76. We
recognize that inequitable political, economic, cultural and social
conditions can breed and foster racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance, which in turn exacerbate the
inequity. We believe that genuine equality of opportunity for all,
in all spheres, including that for development, is fundamental for the
eradication of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance;
77. We
affirm that universal adherence to and full implementation of the
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination are of paramount importance for promoting equality and
non-discrimination in the world;
78. We
affirm the solemn commitment of all States to promote universal respect
for, and observance and protection of, all human rights, economic,
social, cultural, civil and political, including the right to
development, as a fundamental factor in the prevention and elimination
of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
79. We
firmly believe that the obstacles to overcoming racial discrimination
and achieving racial equality mainly lie in the lack of political will,
weak legislation and lack of implementation strategies and concrete
action by States, as well as the prevalence of racist attitudes and
negative stereotyping;
80. We
firmly believe that education, development and the faithful
implementation of all international human rights norms and obligations,
including enactment of laws and political, social and economic policies,
are crucial to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
related intolerance;
81. We
recognize that democracy, transparent, responsible, accountable and
participatory governance responsive to the needs and aspirations of the
people, and respect for human rights, fundamental freedoms and the rule
of law are essential for the effective prevention and elimination of
racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance.
We reaffirm that any form of impunity for crimes motivated by racist and
xenophobic attitudes plays a role in weakening the rule of law and
democracy and tends to encourage the recurrence of such acts;
82. We
affirm that the Dialogue among Civilizations constitutes a process to
attain identification and promotion of common grounds among
civilizations, recognition and promotion of the inherent dignity and of
the equal rights of all human beings and respect for fundamental
principles of justice; in this way, it can dispel notions of cultural
superiority based on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
related intolerance, and facilitate the building of a reconciled world
for the human family;
83. We
underline the key role that political leaders and political parties can
and ought to play in combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia
and related intolerance and encourage political parties to take concrete
steps to promote solidarity, tolerance and respect;
84. We
condemn the persistence and resurgence of neo-Nazism, neo-Fascism and
violent nationalist ideologies based on racial or national prejudice,
and state that these phenomena can never be justified in any instance or
in any circumstances;
85. We
condemn political platforms and organizations based on racism,
xenophobia or doctrines of racial superiority and related
discrimination, as well as legislation and practices based on racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, as
incompatible with democracy and transparent and accountable
governance. We reaffirm that racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance condoned by governmental policies
violate human rights and may endanger friendly relations among peoples,
cooperation among nations and international peace and security;
86. We
recall that the dissemination of all ideas based upon racial superiority
or hatred shall be declared an offence punishable by law with due regard
to the principles embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
and the rights expressly set forth in article 5 of the International
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination;
87. We
note that article 4, paragraph b, of the International Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination places an obligation
upon States to be vigilant and to proceed against organizations that
disseminate ideas based on racial superiority or hatred, acts of
violence or incitement to such acts. These organizations shall be
condemned and discouraged;
88. We
recognize that the media should represent the diversity of a
multicultural society and play a role in fighting racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. In this regard
we draw attention to the power of advertising;
89. We
note with regret that certain media, by promoting false images and
negative stereotypes of vulnerable individuals or groups of individuals,
particularly of migrants and refugees, have contributed to the spread of
xenophobic and racist sentiments among the public and in some cases have
encouraged violence by racist individuals and groups;
90. We
recognize the positive contribution that the exercise of the right to
freedom of expression, particularly by the media and new technologies,
including the Internet, and full respect for the freedom to seek,
receive and impart information can make to the fight against racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance; we reiterate
the need to respect the editorial independence and autonomy of the media
in this regard;
91. We
express deep concern about the use of new information technologies, such
as the Internet, for purposes contrary to respect for human values,
equality, non-discrimination, respect for others and tolerance,
including to propagate racism, racial hatred, xenophobia, racial
discrimination and related intolerance, and that, in particular,
children and youth having access to this material could be negatively
influenced by it;
92. We
also recognize the need to promote the use of new information and
communication technologies, including the Internet, to contribute to the
fight against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance; new technologies can assist the promotion of tolerance and
respect for human dignity, and the principles of equality and
nondiscrimination;
93. We
affirm that all States should recognize the importance of community
media that give a voice to victims of racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance;
94. We
reaffirm that the stigmatization of people of different origins by acts
or omissions of public authorities, institutions, the media, political
parties or national or local organizations is not only an act of racial
discrimination but can also incite the recurrence of such acts, thereby
resulting in the creation of a vicious circle which reinforces racist
attitudes and prejudices, and which must be condemned;
95. We
recognize that education at all levels and all ages, including within
the family, in particular human rights education, is a key to changing
attitudes and behaviour based on racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance and to promoting tolerance and
respect for diversity in societies; we further affirm that such
education is a determining factor in
the promotion, dissemination and protection of the democratic values
of justice and equity, which are essential to prevent and combat the
spread of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance;
96. We
recognize that quality education, the elimination of illiteracy and
access to free primary education for all can contribute to more
inclusive societies, equity, stable and harmonious relations and
friendship among nations, peoples, groups and individuals, and a culture
of peace, fostering mutual understanding, solidarity, social justice and
respect for all human rights for all;
97. We
underline the links between the right to education and the struggle
against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance and the essential role of education, including human rights
education and education which is sensitive to and respects cultural
diversity, especially amongst children and young people, in the
prevention and eradication of all forms of intolerance and
discrimination;
General
58. Urges
States to adopt and implement, at both the national and international
levels, effective measures and policies, in addition to existing
anti-discrimination national legislation and relevant international
instruments and mechanisms, which encourage all citizens and
institutions to take a stand against racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance, and to recognize, respect and
maximize the benefits of diversity within and among all nations in
working together to build a harmonious and productive future by putting
into practice and promoting values and principles such as justice,
equality and non-discrimination, democracy, fairness and friendship,
tolerance and respect within and between communities and nations, in
particular through public information and education programmes to raise
awareness and understanding of the benefits of cultural diversity,
including programmes where the public authorities work in partnership
with international and non-governmental organizations and other sectors
of civil society;
59. Urges
States to mainstream a gender perspective in the design and development
of measures of prevention, education and protection aimed at the
eradication of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance at all levels, to ensure that they effectively target the
distinct situations of women and men;
60. Urges
States to adopt or strengthen, as appropriate, national programmes for
eradicating poverty and reducing social exclusion which take account of
the needs and experiences of individuals or groups of individuals who
are victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance, and also urges that they expand their efforts to foster
bilateral, regional and international cooperation in implementing those
programmes;
61. Urges
States to work to ensure that their political and legal systems reflect
the multicultural diversity within their societies and, where necessary,
to improve democratic institutions so that they are more fully
participatory and avoid marginalization, exclusion and discrimination
against specific sectors of society;
62. Urges
States to take all necessary measures to address specifically, through
policies and programmes, racism and racially motivated violence against
women and girls and to increase cooperation, policy responses and
effective implementation of national legislation and of their
obligations under relevant international instruments, and other
protective and preventive measures aimed at the elimination of all forms
of racially motivated discrimination and violence against women and
girls;
63. Encourages
the business sector, in particular the tourist industry and Internet
providers, to develop codes of conduct, with a view to preventing
trafficking in persons and protecting the victims of such traffic,
especially those in prostitution, against gender-based and racial
discrimination and promoting their rights, dignity and security;
64. Urges
States to devise, enforce and strengthen effective measures at the
national, regional and international levels to prevent, combat and
eliminate all forms of trafficking in women and children, in particular
girls, through comprehensive anti-trafficking strategies which include
legislative measures, prevention campaigns and information
exchange. It also urges States to allocate resources, as
appropriate, to provide comprehensive programmes designed to provide
assistance to, protection for, healing, reintegration into society and
rehabilitation of victims. States shall provide or strengthen
training for law enforcement, immigration and other relevant officials
who deal with victims of trafficking in this regard;
Encourages the bodies, agencies and relevant programmes of the
United Nations system and States to promote and to make use of the
Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement (E/CN.4/1998/53/Add.2),
particularly those provisions relating to nondiscrimination,
Legislative, judicial, regulatory,
administrative and other measures to prevent and protect against racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance
66. Urges
States to establish and implement without delay national policies and
action plans to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
related intolerance, including their gender-based manifestations;
67. Urges
States to design or reinforce, promote and implement effective
legislative and administrative policies, as well as other preventive
measures, against the serious situation experienced by certain groups of
workers, including migrant workers, who are victims of racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. Special
attention should be given to protecting people engaged in domestic work
and trafficked persons from discrimination and violence, as well as to
combating prejudice against them;
68. Urges
States to adopt and implement, or strengthen, national legislation and
administrative measures that expressly and specifically counter racism
and prohibit racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance,
whether direct or indirect, in all spheres of public life, in accordance
with their obligations under the International Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, ensuring that their
reservations are not contrary to the object and purpose of the
Convention;
69. Urges
States to enact and implement, as appropriate, laws against trafficking
in persons, especially women and children, and smuggling of migrants,
taking into account practices that endanger human lives or lead to
various kinds of servitude and exploitation, such as debt bondage,
slavery, sexual exploitation or labour exploitation; also encourages
States to create, if they do not already exist, mechanisms to combat
such practices and to allocate adequate resources to ensure law
enforcement and the protection of the rights of victims, and to
reinforce bilateral, regional and international cooperation, including
with non-governmental organizations that assist victims, to combat this
trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants;
70. Urges
States to take all necessary constitutional, legislative and
administrative measures to foster equality among individuals and groups
of individuals who are victims of racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance, and to review existing measures with
a view to amending or repealing national legislation and administrative
provisions that may give rise to such forms of discrimination;
71. Urges
States, including their law enforcement agencies, to design and fully
implement effective policies and programmes to prevent, detect and
ensure accountability for misconduct by police officers and other law
enforcement personnel which is motivated by racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and to prosecute
perpetrators of such misconduct;
72. Urges
States to design, implement and enforce effective measures to eliminate
the phenomenon popularly known as "racial profiling" and
comprising the practice of police and other law enforcement officers
relying, to any degree, on race, colour, descent or national or ethnic
origin as the basis for subjecting persons to investigatory activities
or for determining whether an individual is engaged in criminal
activity;
73. Urges
States to take measures to prevent genetic research or its applications
from being used to promote racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
related intolerance, to protect the privacy of personal genetic
information and to prevent such information from being used for
discriminatory or racist purposes;
74. Urges
States and invites non-governmental organizations and the private
sector:
(a) To
create and implement policies that promote a high-quality and diverse
police force free from racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
related intolerance, and recruit actively all groups, including
minorities, into public employment, including the police force and other
agencies within the criminal justice system (such as prosecutors);
(b) To
work to reduce violence, including violence motivated by racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, by:
Developing educational materials to teach young people the importance
of tolerance and respect;
Addressing bias before it manifests itself in violent criminal
activity;
Establishing working groups consisting of, among others, local
community leaders and national and local law enforcement officials, to
improve coordination, community involvement, training, education and
data collection, with the aim of preventing such violent criminal
activity;
Ensuring that civil rights laws that prohibit violent criminal
activity are strongly enforced;
Enhancing data collection regarding violence motivated by racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Providing appropriate assistance to victims, and public education to
prevent future incidents of violence motivated by racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Ratification of and effective
implementation of relevant international and regional legal instruments
on human rights and non-discrimination
75. Urges
States that have not yet done so to consider ratifying or acceding to
the international human rights instruments which combat racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, in particular to
accede to the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms
of Racial Discrimination as a matter of urgency, with a view to
universal ratification by the year 2005, and to consider making the
declaration envisaged under article 14, to comply with their reporting
obligations, and to publish and act upon the concluding observations of
the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. It also
urges States to withdraw reservations contrary to the object and purpose
of that Convention and to consider withdrawing other reservations;
76. Urges
States to give due consideration to the observations and recommendations
of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. To
that effect, States should consider setting up appropriate national
monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to ensure that all appropriate
steps are taken to follow up on these observations and recommendations;
77. Urges
States that have not yet done so to consider becoming parties to the
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, as well as to
consider acceding to the Optional Protocols to the International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights;
78. Urges
those States that have not yet done so to consider signing and ratifying
or acceding to the following instruments:
(a)
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide of
1948;
(b)
International Labour Organization Migration for Employment Convention
(Revised), 1949 (No. 97);
(c)
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the
Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others of 1949;
(d)
Convention relating to the Status of Refugees of 1951, and its 1967
Protocol;
(e)
International Labour Organization Discrimination (Employment and
Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111);
(f)
Convention against Discrimination in Education, adopted on 14 December
1960 by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization;
(g)
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against
Women of 1979, with a view to achieving universal ratification
within five years, and its Optional Protocol of 1999;
(h)
Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989 and its two Optional
Protocols of 2000, and the International Labour Organization
Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) and Worst Forms of Child Labour
Convention, 1999 (No. 182);
(i)
International Labour Organization Migrant Workers (Supplementary
Provisions) Convention, 1975 (No. 143);
(j)
International Labour Organization Indigenous and Tribal Peoples
Convention, 1989 (No. 169) and the Convention on Biological
Diversity of 1992;
(k)
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant
Workers and Members of Their Families of 1990;
(l)
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court of 1998;
(m)
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, the
Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons,
Especially Women and Children, supplementing the Convention and the
Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air,
supplementing the Convention of 2000;
It further urges States parties to these instruments to implement
them fully;
79. Calls
upon States to promote and protect the exercise of the rights set
out in the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance
and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief, proclaimed by the
General Assembly in its resolution 36/55 of 25 November 1981,
in order to obviate religious discrimination which, when combined with
certain other forms of discrimination, constitutes a form of multiple
discrimination;
80. Urges
States to seek full respect for, and compliance with, the Vienna
Convention on Consular Relations of 1963, especially as it relates to
the right of foreign nationals, regardless of their legal and
immigration status, to communicate with a consular officer of their own
State in the case of arrest or detention;
81. Urges
all States to prohibit discriminatory treatment based on race, colour,
descent or national or ethnic origin against foreigners and migrant
workers, inter alia, where appropriate, concerning the
granting of work visas and work permits, housing, health care and access
to justice;
82. Underlines
the importance of combating impunity, including for crimes with a racist
or xenophobic motivation, also at the international level, noting that
impunity for violations of human rights and international humanitarian
law is a serious obstacle to a fair and equitable justice system and,
ultimately, reconciliation and stability; it also fully supports the
work of the existing international criminal tribunals and
ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court,
and urges all States to cooperate with these international criminal
tribunals;
83. Urges
States to make every effort to apply fully the relevant provisions of
the International Labour Organization Declaration on Fundamental
Principles and Rights at Work of 1998, in order to combat racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Prosecution of perpetrators of racist acts
84. Urges
States to adopt effective measures to combat criminal acts motivated by
racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, to
take measures so that such motivations are considered an aggravating
factor for the purposes of sentencing, to prevent these crimes from
going unpunished and to ensure the rule of law;
85. Urges
States to undertake investigations to examine possible links between
criminal prosecution, police violence and penal sanctions, on the one
hand, and racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance, on the other, so as to have evidence for taking the
necessary steps for the eradication of any such links and discriminatory
practices;
86. Calls
upon States to promote measures to deter the emergence of and to
counter neofascist, violent nationalist ideologies which promote racial
hatred and racial discrimination, as well as racist and xenophobic
sentiments, including measures to combat the negative influence of such
ideologies especially on young people through formal and non-formal
education, the media and sport;
87. Urges
States parties to adopt legislation implementing the obligations they
have assumed to prosecute and punish persons who have committed or
ordered to be committed grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions of 12
August 1949 and Additional Protocol I thereto and of other serious
violations of the laws and customs of war, in particular in relation to
the principle of nondiscrimination;
88. Calls
upon States to criminalize all forms of trafficking in persons, in
particular women and children, and to condemn and penalize traffickers
and intermediaries, while ensuring protection and assistance to the
victims of trafficking, with full respect for their human rights;
89. Urges
States to carry out comprehensive, exhaustive, timely and impartial
investigations of all unlawful acts of racism and racial discrimination,
to prosecute criminal offences ex officio, as appropriate, or
initiate or facilitate all appropriate actions arising from offences of
a racist or xenophobic nature, to ensure that criminal and civil
investigations and prosecutions of offences of a racist or xenophobic
nature are given high priority and are actively and consistently
undertaken, and to ensure the right to equal treatment before the
tribunals and all other organs administering justice. In this
regard, the World Conference underlines the importance of fostering
awareness and providing training to the various agents in the criminal
justice system to ensure fair and impartial application of the
law. In this respect, it recommends that antidiscrimination
monitoring services be established;
Establishment and reinforcement of
independent specialized national institutions and mediation
90. Urges
States, as appropriate, to establish, strengthen, review and reinforce
the effectiveness of independent national human rights institutions,
particularly on issues of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
related intolerance, in conformity with the Principles relating to the
status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of
human rights, annexed to General Assembly resolution 48/134 of 20
December 1993, and to provide them with adequate financial resources,
competence and capacity for investigation, research, education and
public awareness activities to combat these phenomena;
91. Also
urges States:
(a) To
foster cooperation between these institutions and other national
institutions;
(b) To
take steps to ensure that those individuals or groups of individuals who
are victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance can participate fully in these institutions;
(c) To
support these institutions and similar bodies, inter alia
through the publication and circulation of existing national laws and
jurisprudence, and cooperation with institutions in other countries, so
that knowledge can be gained of the manifestations, functions and
mechanisms of these practices and the strategies designed to prevent,
combat and eradicate them;
Policies and practices
Data collection and disaggregation, research and
study
92. Urges
States to collect, compile, analyse, disseminate and publish reliable
statistical data at the national and local levels and undertake all
other related measures which are necessary to assess regularly the
situation of individuals and groups of individuals who are victims of
racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
(a)
Such statistical data should be disaggregated in accordance with
national legislation. Any such information shall, as appropriate,
be collected with the explicit consent of the victims, based on their
self-identification and in accordance with provisions on human rights
and fundamental freedoms, such as data protection regulations and
privacy guarantees. This information must not be misused;
(b)
The statistical data and information should be collected with the
objective of monitoring the situation of marginalized groups, and the
development and evaluation of legislation, policies, practices and other
measures aimed at preventing and combating racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, as well as for the
purpose of determining whether any measures have an unintentional
disparate impact on victims. To that end, it recommends the
development of voluntary, consensual and participatory strategies in the
process of collecting, designing and using information;
(c)
The information should take into account economic and social indicators,
including, where appropriate, health and health status, infant and
maternal mortality, life expectancy, literacy, education, employment,
housing, land ownership, mental and physical health care, water,
sanitation, energy and communications services, poverty and average
disposable income, in order to elaborate social and economic development
policies with a view to closing the existing gaps in social and economic
conditions;
93. Invites
States, intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations,
academic institutions and the private sector to improve concepts and
methods of data collection and analysis; to promote research, exchange
experiences and successful practices and develop promotional activities
in this area; and to develop indicators of progress and participation of
individuals and groups of individuals in society subject to racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
94. Recognizes
that policies and programmes aimed at combating racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance should be based on
quantitative and qualitative research, incorporating a gender
perspective. Such policies and programmes should take into account
priorities identified by individuals and groups of individuals who are
victims of, or subject to, racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
related intolerance;
95. Urges
States to establish regular monitoring of acts of racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance in the public and
private sectors, including those committed by law enforcement officials;
96. Invites
States to promote and conduct studies and adopt an integral, objective
and longterm approach to all phases and aspects of migration which will
deal effectively with both its causes and manifestations. These
studies and approaches should pay special attention to the root causes
of migratory flows, such as lack of full enjoyment of human rights and
fundamental freedoms, and the effects of economic globalization on
migration trends;
97. Recommends
that further studies be conducted on how racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance may be reflected in laws, policies,
institutions and practices and how this may have contributed to the
victimization and exclusion of migrants, especially women and children;
98. Recommends
that States include where applicable in their periodic reports to
United Nations human rights treaty bodies, in an appropriate form,
statistical information relating to individuals, members of groups and
communities within their jurisdiction, including statistical data on
participation in political life and on their economic, social and
cultural situation. All such information shall be collected in
accordance with provisions on human rights and fundamental freedoms,
such as data protection regulations and privacy guarantees;
Action-oriented policies and action plans,
including affirmative action to ensure non-discrimination, in particular
as regards access to social services, employment, housing, education,
health care, etc.
99. Recognizes
that combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance is a primary responsibility of States. It therefore
encourages States to develop or elaborate national action plans to
promote diversity, equality, equity, social justice, equality of
opportunity and the participation of all. Through, among other
things, affirmative or positive actions and strategies, these plans
should aim at creating conditions for all to participate effectively in
decision-making and realize civil, cultural, economic, political and
social rights in all spheres of life on the basis of
non-discrimination. The World Conference encourages States, in
developing and elaborating such action plans, to establish, or
reinforce, dialogue with nongovernmental organizations in order to
involve them more closely in designing, implementing and evaluating
policies and programmes;
100. Urges
States to establish, on the basis of statistical information, national
programmes, including affirmative or positive measures, to promote the
access of individuals and groups of individuals who are or may be
victims of racial discrimination to basic social services, including
primary education, basic health care and adequate housing;
101. Urges
States to establish programmes to promote the access without
discrimination of individuals or groups of individuals who are victims
of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance to
health care, and to promote strong efforts to eliminate disparities, inter alia
in the infant and maternal mortality rates, childhood immunizations,
HIV/AIDS, heart diseases, cancer and contagious diseases;
102. Urges
States to promote residential integration of all members of the society
at the planning stage of urban development schemes and other human
settlements, as well as while renewing neglected areas of public
housing, so as to counter social exclusion and marginalization;
Employment
103. Urges
States to promote and support where appropriate the organization and
operation of enterprises owned by persons who are victims of racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance by promoting
equal access to credit and to training programmes;
104. Urges
States and encourages non-governmental organizations and the private
sector:
(a) To
support the creation of workplaces free of discrimination through a
multifaceted strategy that includes civil rights enforcement, public
education and communication within the workplace, and to promote and
protect the rights of workers who are subject to racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
(b) To
foster the creation, growth and expansion of businesses dedicated to
improving economic and educational conditions in underserved and
disadvantaged areas, by increasing access to capital through, inter alia,
community development banks, recognizing that new businesses can have a
positive, dynamic impact on communities in need, and to work with the
private sector to create jobs, help retain existing jobs and stimulate
industrial and commercial growth in economically distressed areas;
(c) To
improve the prospects of targeted groups facing, inter alia,
the greatest obstacles in finding, keeping or regaining work, including
skilled employment. Particular attention should be paid to persons
subject to multiple discrimination;
105. Urges
States to give special attention, when devising and implementing
legislation and policies designed to enhance the protection of workers’
rights, to the serious situation of lack of protection, and in some
cases exploitation, as in the case of trafficked persons and smuggled
migrants, which makes them more vulnerable to ill-treatment such as
confinement in the case of domestic workers and also being employed in
dangerous and poorly paid jobs;
106. Urges
States to avoid the negative effects of discriminatory practices, racism
and xenophobia in employment and occupation by promoting the application
and observance of international instruments and norms on workers’
rights;
107. Calls
upon States and encourages representative trade unions and the
business sector to advance non-discriminatory practices in the workplace
and protect the rights of workers, including, in particular, the victims
of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
108. Calls
upon States to provide effective access to administrative and legal
procedures and other remedial action to victims of racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance in the workplace;
Health, environment
109. Urges
States, individually and through international cooperation, to enhance
measures to fulfil the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest
attainable standard of physical and mental health, with a view to
eliminating disparities in health status, as indicated in standard
health indexes, which might result from racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance;
110. Urges
States and encourages non-governmental organizations and the private
sector:
(a) To
provide effective mechanisms for monitoring and eliminating racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance in the
health-care system, such as the development and enforcement of effective
anti-discrimination laws;
(b) To
take steps to ensure equal access to comprehensive, quality health care
affordable for all, including primary health care for medically
underserved people, facilitate the training of a health workforce that
is both diverse and motivated to work in underserved communities, and
work to increase diversity in the health-care profession by recruiting
on merit and potential women and men from all groups, representing the
diversity of their societies, for health-care careers and by retaining
them in the health professions;
(c) To
work with health-care professionals, community-based health providers,
nongovernmental organizations, scientific researchers and private
industry as a means of improving the health status of marginalized
communities, in particular victims of racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance;
(d) To
work with health professionals, scientific researchers and international
and regional health organizations to study the differential impact of
medical treatments and health strategies on various communities;
(e) To
adopt and implement policies and programmes to improve HIV/AIDS
prevention efforts in high-risk communities and work to expand
availability of HIV/AIDS care, treatment and other support services;
111. Invites
States to consider non-discriminatory measures to provide a safe and
healthy environment for individuals and groups of individuals victims of
or subject to racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance, and in particular:
(a) To
improve access to public information on health and environment issues;
(b) To
ensure that relevant concerns are taken into account in the public
process of decision-making on the environment;
(c) To
share technology and successful practices to improve human health and
environment in all areas;
(d) To
take appropriate remedial measures, as possible, to clean, re-use and
redevelop contaminated sites and, where appropriate, relocate those
affected on a voluntary basis after consultations;
Equal participation in political, economic,
social and cultural decision-making
112. Urges
States and encourages the private sector and international financial and
development institutions, such as the World Bank and regional
development banks, to promote participation of individuals and groups of
individuals who are victims of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia
and related intolerance in economic, cultural and social decisionmaking
at all stages, particularly in the development and implementation of
poverty alleviation strategies, development projects, and trade and
market assistance programmes;
113. Urges
States to promote, as appropriate, effective and equal access of all
members of the community, especially those who are victims of racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, to the
decision-making process in society at all levels and in particular at
the local level, and also urges States and encourages the private sector
to facilitate their effective participation in economic life;
114. Urges
all multilateral financial and development institutions, in particular
the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade
Organization and regional development banks, to promote, in accordance
with their regular budgets and the procedures of their governing bodies,
participation by all members of the international community in
decisionmaking processes at all stages and levels in order to facilitate
development projects and, as appropriate, trade and market access
programmes;
Role of politicians and political parties
115. Underlines
the key role that politicians and political parties can play in
combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance and encourages political parties to take concrete steps to
promote equality, solidarity and non-discrimination in society, inter
alia by developing voluntary codes of conduct which include internal
disciplinary measures for violations thereof, so their members refrain
from public statements and actions that encourage or incite racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
116. Invites
the Inter-Parliamentary Union to encourage debate in, and action by,
parliaments on various measures, including laws and policies, to combat
racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
Education and awareness-raising measures
117. Urges
States, where appropriate working with other relevant bodies, to commit
financial resources to anti-racism education and to media campaigns
promoting the values of acceptance, tolerance, diversity and respect for
the cultures of all indigenous peoples living within their national
borders. In particular, States should promote an accurate
understanding of the histories and cultures of indigenous peoples;
118. Urges
the United Nations, other appropriate international and regional
organizations and States to redress the marginalization of Africa’s
contribution to world history and civilization by developing and
implementing a specific and comprehensive programme of research,
education and mass communication to disseminate widely a balanced and
objective presentation of Africa’s seminal and valuable contribution
to humanity;
119. Invites
States and relevant international organizations and non-governmental
organizations to build upon the efforts of the Slave Route Project of
the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization and
its theme of "Breaking the silence" by developing texts and
testimony, slavery multi-media centres and/or programmes that will
collect, record, organize, exhibit and publish the existing data
relevant to the history of slavery and the trans-Atlantic, Mediterranean
and Indian Ocean slave trades, paying particular attention to the
thoughts and actions of the victims of slavery and the slave trade, in
their quest for freedom and justice;
120. Salutes
the efforts of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization made within the framework of the Slave Route Project and
requests that the outcome be made available to the international
community as soon as possible;
Access to education without discrimination
121. Urges
States to commit themselves to ensuring access to education, including
access to free primary education for all children, both girls and boys,
and access for adults to lifelong learning and education, based on
respect for human rights, diversity and tolerance, without
discrimination of any kind;
122. Urges
States to ensure equal access to education for all in law and in
practice, and to refrain from any legal or any other measures leading to
imposed racial segregation in any form in access to schooling;
123. Urges
States:
(a) To
adopt and implement laws that prohibit discrimination on the basis of
race, colour, descent or national or ethnic origin at all levels of
education, both formal and non-formal;
(b) To
take all appropriate measures to eliminate obstacles limiting the access
of children to education;
(c) To
ensure that all children have access without discrimination to
education of good quality;
(d) To
establish and implement standardized methods to measure and track the
educational performance of disadvantaged children and young
people;
(e) To
commit resources to eliminate, where they exist, inequalities in
educational outcomes for children and young people;
(f) To
support efforts to ensure safe school environments, free from violence
and harassment motivated by racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia or
related intolerance; and
(g) To
consider establishing financial assistance programmes designed to enable
all students, regardless of race, colour, descent or ethnic or national
origin, to attend institutions of higher education;
124.
Urges States to adopt, where applicable, appropriate measures to
ensure that persons belonging to national or ethnic, religious and
linguistic minorities have access to education without discrimination of
any kind and, where possible, have an opportunity to learn their own
language in order to protect them from any form of racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance that they may be
subjected to;
Human rights education
125. Requests
States to include the struggle against racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance among the activities undertaken
within the framework of the United Nations Decade for
Human Rights Education (1995-2004) and to take into account the
recommendations of the mid-term evaluation report of the Decade;
126. Encourages
all States, in cooperation with the United Nations, the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and other relevant
international organizations, to initiate and develop cultural and
educational programmes aimed at countering racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, in order to ensure
respect for the dignity and worth of all human beings and enhance mutual
understanding among all cultures and civilizations. It further
urges States to support and implement public information campaigns and
specific training programmes in the field of human rights, where
appropriate formulated in local languages, to combat racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and promote respect
for the values of diversity, pluralism, tolerance, mutual respect,
cultural sensitivity, integration and inclusiveness. Such
programmes and campaigns should be addressed to all sectors of society,
in particular children and young people;
127. Urges
States to intensify their efforts in the field of education, including
human rights education, in order to promote an understanding and
awareness of the causes, consequences and evils of racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and also urges
States, in consultation with educational authorities and the private
sector, as appropriate, and encourages educational authorities and the
private sector, as appropriate, to develop educational materials,
including textbooks and dictionaries, aimed at combating those phenomena
and, in this context, calls upon States to give importance, if
appropriate, to textbook and curriculum review and amendment, so as to
eliminate any elements that might promote racism, racial discrimination,
xenophobia and related intolerance or reinforce negative stereotypes,
and to include material that refutes such stereotypes;
128. Urges
States, if appropriate in cooperation with relevant organizations,
including youth organizations, to support and implement public formal
and non-formal education programmes designed to promote respect for
cultural diversity;
Human rights education for children and youth
129. Urges
States to introduce and, as applicable, to reinforce anti-discrimination
and antiracism components in human rights programmes in school
curricula, to develop and improve relevant educational material,
including history and other textbooks, and to ensure that all teachers
are effectively trained and adequately motivated to shape attitudes and
behavioural patterns, based on the principles of non-discrimination,
mutual respect and tolerance;
130.
Calls upon States to undertake and facilitate activities aimed at
educating young people in human rights and democratic citizenship and
instilling values of solidarity, respect and appreciation of diversity,
including respect for different groups. A special effort to inform
and sensitize young people to respect democratic values and human rights
should be undertaken or developed to fight against ideologies based on
the fallacious theory of racial superiority;
131. Urges
States to encourage all schools to consider developing educational
activities, including extracurricular ones, to raise awareness against
racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, inter
alia by commemorating the International Day for the Elimination of
Racial Discrimination (21 March);
132. Recommends
that States introduce, or reinforce, human rights education, with a view
to combating prejudices which lead to racial discrimination and to
promoting understanding, tolerance and friendship between different
racial or ethnic groups, in schools and in institutions of higher
education, and support public formal and non-formal education programmes
designed to promote respect for cultural diversity and the self-esteem
of victims;
Human rights education for public officials and
professionals
133. Urges
States to develop and strengthen anti-racist and gender-sensitive human
rights training for public officials, including personnel in the
administration of justice, particularly in law enforcement, correctional
and security services, as well as among health-care, schools and
migration authorities;
134. Urges
States to pay specific attention to the negative impact of racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance on the
administration of justice and fair trial, and to conduct nationwide
campaigns, amongst other measures, to raise awareness among State organs
and public officials concerning their obligations under the
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination and other relevant instruments;
135. Requests
States, wherever appropriate through cooperation with international
organizations, national institutions, non-governmental organizations and
the private sector, to organize and facilitate training activities,
including courses or seminars, on international norms prohibiting racial
discrimination and their applicability in domestic law, as well as on
their international human rights obligations, for prosecutors, members
of the judiciary and other public officials;
136. Calls
upon States to ensure that education and training, especially
teacher training, promote respect for human rights and the fight against
racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and
that educational institutions implement policies and programmes agreed
by the relevant authorities on equal opportunities, anti-racism, gender
equality, and cultural, religious and other diversity, with the
participation of teachers, parents and students, and follow up their
implementation. It further urges all educators, including teachers
at all levels of education, religious communities and the print and
electronic media, to play an effective role in human rights education,
including as a means to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia
and related intolerance;
137. Encourages
States to consider taking measures to increase the recruitment,
retention and promotion of women and men belonging to groups which are
currently underrepresented in the teaching profession as a result of
racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and
to guarantee them effective equality of access to the profession.
Particular efforts should be made to recruit women and men who have the
ability to interact effectively with all groups;
138. Urges
States to strengthen the human rights training and awareness-raising
activities designed for immigration officials, border police and staff
of detention centres and prisons, local authorities and other civil
servants in charge of enforcing laws, as well as teachers, with
particular attention to the human rights of migrants, refugees and
asylum-seekers, in order to prevent acts of racial discrimination and
xenophobia and to avoid situations where prejudices lead to decisions
based on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia or related
intolerance;
139. Urges
States to provide or strengthen training for law enforcement,
immigration and other relevant officials in the prevention of
trafficking in persons. The training should focus on methods used
in preventing such trafficking, prosecuting the traffickers and
protecting the rights of victims, including protecting the victims from
the traffickers. The training should also take into account the
need to consider human rights and child- and gender-sensitive issues and
it should encourage cooperation with non-governmental organizations,
other relevant organizations and other elements of civil society;
Information, communication and the media,
including new technologies
140. Welcomes
the positive contribution made by the new information and communications
technologies, including the Internet, in combating racism through rapid
and wide-reaching communication;
141. Draws
attention to the potential to increase the use of the new
information and communications technologies, including the Internet, to
create educational and awareness-raising networks against racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, both in and out of
school, as well as the ability of the Internet to promote universal
respect for human rights and also respect for the value of cultural
diversity;
142. Emphasizes
the importance of recognizing the value of cultural diversity and of
putting in place concrete measures to encourage the access of
marginalized communities to the mainstream and alternative media
through, inter alia, the presentation of programmes that reflect
their cultures and languages;
143. Expresses
concern at the material progression of racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, including their
contemporary forms and manifestations, such as the use of the new
information and communications technologies, including the Internet, to
disseminate ideas of racial superiority;
144. Urges
States and encourages the private sector to promote the development by
the media, including the print and electronic media, including the
Internet and advertising, taking into account their independence,
through their relevant associations and organizations at the national,
regional and international levels, of a voluntary ethical code of
conduct and selfregulatory measures, and of policies and practices aimed
at:
(a)
Combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance;
(b)
Promoting the fair, balanced and equitable representation of the
diversity of their societies, as well as ensuring that this diversity is
reflected among their staff;
(c)
Combating the proliferation of ideas of racial superiority,
justification of racial hatred and discrimination in any form;
(d)
Promoting respect, tolerance and understanding among all individuals,
peoples, nations and civilizations, for example through assistance in
public awareness-raising campaigns;
(e)
Avoiding stereotyping in all its forms, and particularly the promotion
of false images of migrants, including migrant workers, and refugees, in
order to prevent the spread of xenophobic sentiments among the public
and to encourage the objective and balanced portrayal of people, events
and history;
145. Urges
States to implement legal sanctions, in accordance with relevant
international human rights law, in respect of incitement to racial
hatred through new information and communications technologies,
including the Internet, and further urges them to apply all relevant
human rights instruments to which they are parties, in particular the
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination, to racism on the Internet;
146. Urges
States to encourage the media to avoid stereotyping based on racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
147. Calls
upon States to consider the following, taking fully into account
existing international and regional standards on freedom of expression,
while taking all necessary measures to guarantee the right to freedom of
opinion and expression:
(a)
Encouraging Internet service providers to establish and disseminate
specific voluntary codes of conduct and self-regulatory measures against
the dissemination of racist messages and those that result in racial
discrimination, xenophobia or any form of intolerance and
discrimination; to that end, Internet providers are encouraged to set up
mediating bodies at national and international levels, involving
relevant civil society institutions;
(b)
Adopting and applying, to the extent possible, appropriate legislation
for prosecuting those responsible for incitement to racial hatred or
violence through the new information and communications technologies,
including the Internet;
(c)
Addressing the problem of dissemination of racist material through the
new information and communications technologies, including the Internet,
inter alia by imparting training to law enforcement authorities;
(d)
Denouncing and actively discouraging the transmission of racist and
xenophobic messages through all communications media, including new
information and communications technologies, such as the Internet;
(e)
Considering a prompt and coordinated international response to the
rapidly evolving phenomenon of the dissemination of hate speech and
racist material through the new information and communications
technologies, including the Internet; and in this context strengthening
international cooperation;
(f)
Encouraging access and use by all people of the Internet as an
international and equal forum, aware that there are disparities in use
of and access to the Internet;
(g)
Examining ways in which the positive contribution made by the new
information and communications technologies, such as the Internet, can
be enhanced through replication of good practices in combating racism,
racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
(h)
Encouraging the reflection of the diversity of societies among the
personnel of media organizations and the new information and
communications technologies, such as the Internet, by promoting adequate
representation of different segments within societies at all levels of
their organizational structure;
International level
148. Urges
all actors on the international scene to build an international order
based on inclusion, justice, equality and equity, human dignity, mutual
understanding and promotion of and respect for cultural diversity and
universal human rights, and to reject all doctrines of exclusion based
on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
149. Believes
that all conflicts and disputes should be resolved through peaceful
means and political dialogue. The Conference calls on all parties
involved in such conflicts to exercise restraint and to respect human
rights and international humanitarian law;
150. Calls
upon States, in opposing all forms of racism, to recognize the need
to counter antiSemitism, anti-Arabism and Islamophobia world-wide, and
urges all States to take effective measures to prevent the emergence of
movements based on racism and discriminatory ideas concerning these
communities;
151.
As for the situation in the Middle East, calls for the end of
violence and the swift resumption of negotiations, respect for
international human rights and humanitarian law, respect for the
principle of self-determination and the end of all suffering, thus
allowing Israel and the Palestinians to resume the peace process, and to
develop and prosper in security and freedom;
152. Encourages
States, regional and international organizations, including financial
institutions, as well as civil society, to address within existing
mechanisms, or where necessary to put in place and/or develop
mechanisms, to address those aspects of globalization which may lead to
racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
153. Recommends
that the Department of Peacekeeping Operations of the Secretariat and
other concerned United Nations agencies, bodies and programmes
strengthen their coordination to discern patterns of serious violations
of human rights and humanitarian law with a view to assessing the risk
of further deterioration that could lead to genocide, war crimes or
crimes against humanity;
154. Encourages
the World Health Organization and other relevant international
organizations to promote and develop activities for the recognition of
the impact of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related
intolerance as significant social determinants of physical and mental
health status, including the HIV/AIDS pandemic, and access to health
care, and to prepare specific projects, including research, to ensure
equitable health systems for the victims;
155. Encourages
the International Labour Organization to carry out activities and
programmes to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and
related intolerance in the world of work, and to support actions of
States, employers’ organizations and trade unions in this field;
156. Urges
the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to
provide support to States in the preparation of teaching materials and
tools for promoting teaching, training and educational activities
relating to human rights and the struggle against racism, racial
discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;
